In today’s software sector, automation testing is a full-fledged career. Automation testing professionals collaborate with the development team to meet project deadlines, which has resulted in a number of benefits and a lucrative career for modern-day professionals. Here are the 51+ Automation Testing Interview Questions you should know before your next interview.
The following are some of the most often-asked questions in interviews for both freshers and QA professionals.
1) What is Automation?
Automation is a word for applications that reduce human efforts. There are include business process automation (BPA), IT automation, personal applications, business-related applications, E-commerce applications such as home automation, and more.
2) What is Automation Testing?
Automation testing is a process of using automation software tools to write a script to perform test cases such as entering data and comparing the results, etc. is known as Automation testing.
The goal of Automation Testing is to reduce the number of test cases to be run manually so we can reduce human efforts
3) How do you identify the test cases which are suitable for test automation?
Identifying the particular test cases for automation is the most important part of automation. If the test case is stable then it is beat for automation.
4) What are the types of automation testing?
There are different types of automation testing. Like exploratory testing and some other that you can automate
Unit tests: The unit test is written by developers and tests small units of code in isolation.
Integration tests: After performing Unit testing, all module is merged and then we are performing integration testing to verify how all component work combined together.
Regression tests: In regression testing, we are testing like updated code didn’t break any existing working functionality.
Performance tests: Here verify that the application won’t crash under heavy load and stress.
UI tests: Test there is all text and images are displayed properly, and that there are no broken graphical elements on the page.
5) What is the difference between automation testing and manual testing?
Manual Testing | Automation Testing |
A human executes the test cases one by one his/her self, without any software help it is called manual testing | Test cases are executed by any automated testing tool, without human effort It is automated testing. |
Useful for non-repeatable tests that involve human skills, involvement, and domain experience. | Useful for repeatable test cases where the application feature under test doesn’t change frequently. |
Good for accessibility and usability testing, as the tester can test the software as end-user point of view. | Good for regression testing to make sure that the software didn’t break after updating code changes. |
Can be slow and more time-consuming, and sometimes gets errors because of human misjudgment. | It’s run by a computer, so there are no chances for error, and test case execution is fast. |
Humans can test the software in a randomized manner, it is also known as exploratory testing. | This type of testing is not possible in automation testing. |
UI issues and some variances are easily found by a human tester. | In automation testing, we cannot cover UI issues. |
performance Testing is impossible to test with extreme load by a human tester | Performance testing can be easily done by automation testing. |
The tester doesn’t need knowledge of programming. | To write automation test cases, the tester needs to have programming knowledge. |
6) When is a good time to automate a test?
Under the following condition, it is a good time to automate a test
7) When will you avoid automated testing?
In the following situation, we will avoid automation testing
8) How do you choose a tool/framework for automated testing?
To perform any automation testing, we need to choose software tools or frameworks. There are many options to choose from many alternatives.
Here some are criteria based on that we can evaluate the tools.
Some tools require knowledge of programming, while some tools don’t require, without any skill of programming allow to create test cases with visual assistance. so, in that situation, you can choose your tool based on your team’s experience and skill set.
There is a more difference in the price of the tools it is based on the feature which they are provided. Most commercial tools are more expensive, but they get tech support if you are facing any issues.
Open-Source software is free, but you have to search if you are in trouble.
Some Automation testing tools are difficult to use and required training before using this tool. Some are easy to understand we can use them without any training.
Some of the most famous automation tools like Katalon Studio, Selenium, UFT, TestComplete, Testim, etc., and many more. You can choose anyone based on the requirement of your project, assess the team’s skills, the experience of all team members, and comfort with the tool.
9) What are the different parts of a test automation framework?
Below is the different part of the automation framework
Test Data Management
Testing Libraries
Testing Tools
10) Should you automate all testing?
We can not automate all types of testing. Some types of testing are only done by human testers like interface testing, usability testing, and accessibility testing.
Exploratory testing is another type of testing where a human tester can test better than automation testing. A human can provide more scenarios and a tester more explore the software randomly and try to find UI bugs easily as compared to automation testing.
Automation testing is useful for large projects where complex calculations and repeated test cases are available.
11) What is a test environment?
A test environment is a computer or a server on which a tester can test the software or applications. After the developer team builds the software, the tester installs it on this computer or on a server with all its required dependencies, like the production environment. This allows the tester to test the software or application in a real-world scenario.
Actually, the test environment is a copy of the production or live environment.
These allow the tester can make a duplicate copy to reproduce the same bug for reporting and the test can provide the exact steps to a developer to fix them.
Below are some of the prerequisites for a good test environment:
12) What is browser automation?
Browser automation is one of the techniques for launching a web application in a browser programmatically and executing different actions by automation, just like a regular user would. Browser testing gives you the speed and efficiency that human testers cannot provide. There is a different popular tool for browser testing like Protractor, Cypress, and Selenium.
13) What is automated regression testing?
Software is never completed. The developers are continuedly updating features, and functions and fixing bugs So because of that chance to break existing working functionality. And because of that tester need to perform regression testing.
Regression testing is a testing technique that makes sure that updated code is not affected by the existing working functionality and didn’t break any working functionality. The main goal of regression testing is to make sure that previously tested and working functionality still works fine after adding new changes in code.
In automation regression testing, the tester runs the regression suit after every new release of the software. If a test case is a pass then the tester can move to the other type of testing and if a test case is failed then wait until the developer fixes this broken functionality.
14) What are some risks associated with automated testing?
There is more benefit of automation testing like efficient and fast, repeatable tests and also there are a few risks with automation testing which are described below:
15) What are the different phases in an automation testing life cycle?
Automation testing has a life cycle same to the software testing life cycle and software development life cycle. Some of the major phases of the automation testing life cycle are described below:
16) Can you achieve 100% automation?
Achieve 100% automation is very difficult because there would be many different scenarios under the test cases. And more test cases are not executed for a long time. And will not add value to these test cases in an automated suit.
17) How to decide the tool that you should use for Automation testing in your projects?
18) What is a framework?
A framework is a bunch of the design of the whole automation suite. It is additionally a rule, which whenever followed can bring about construction that is not difficult to keep up with and improve.
The Rules Include:
19) What are the attributes of a good framework?
Read in the brief about attributes below:
20) What are the various types of automation tools you are familiar with?
There are two types of automation tools available in the market which are as follows:
21) What are the different types of frameworks?
Different types of automation frameworks are as follows:
22) Can you give some examples of effective coding methods for automation?
Good practices of coding include:
23) Is there any type of test that you think should not be automated?
24) What criteria do you use to determine which automation tool is best for you?
The below factors help in selecting the best automation tools:
25) What do you think is preventing testers from automation testing? Is there a way to overcome it?
The significant obstacle for analyzers is to study programming/coding when they need to automate. Since analyzers don’t code, adjusting to coding is a bit hard for analyzers.
The way to overcome it is as follows:
26) What is an Automation testing framework?
An automation testing structure is liable for making a test utilization with an instrument to interface with the application under test, take input from a document, execute the experiments, and create the reports for test execution. An automation testing system ought to be autonomous of the application and it ought to be not difficult to utilize, alter or expand.
27) What are the key components of an automated testing framework?
Below are important modules of the automation testing framework:
28) Explain some Automation testing tools?
Below are the popular automation testing tools:
29) What are the various types of framework testing techniques?
Below are the different types of techniques:
30) When should you use manual testing instead of automated testing?
Manual testing can be preferred over automation testing due to the following reasons:
31) List some advantages and disadvantages of Automation testing?
Pros:
Cons:
32) How will you automate test cases for an application’s fundamental “login” functionality?
We need to follow the list of rules for writing test cases:
Whenever we write test cases we should remember it should be a combination of both negative and positive test cases. Also, it’s a mixture of functional, performance, UI, usability, and compatibility test cases.
Testcase for basic login functionality is as follows:
Functional test case:
Sr.No | Functional Test Cases | Type |
1 | verify that the user has successfully Login to the application with valid credentials. | Positive |
2 | verify that the user is unable to log in to the application with an invalid credential. | Negative |
3 | verify the login page without entering any details. | Negative |
4 | verify that when the user enters a password it should be in encrypted form. | Positive |
5 | verify the time taken to Login the application with valid credentials. | Performance & Positive |
6 | verify the login page and all its control in different browsers are working fine. | Cross Browser |
7 | verify the length of the email id/user id. | Positive |
8 | verify the length of the password and whether it accepts special characters or not. | Negative |
9 | verify the implementation of the SSL certificate. | Positive |
33) What do you think, Automation testing is White-box testing or Black-box testing?
Automation testing can be both Black box or white box sort of testing relying upon the situations wherein it is performed. In some situations, test scripts need to access an information base i.e. Database specification that is utilized in the application under test or some additional coding specification and accordingly can be a sort of white-box testing.
34) How many test cases per day do you automate?
One cannot estimate the number of test cases you can automate at a particular time, the number may depend upon complexity, requirement, and time given for testing the application.
The estimate can depend on the Test case scenario’s complexity and length. I did automate 3-6 test scenarios per day when the complexity is limited. Sometimes just 1 -2 test scenarios in a day when the complexity is high.
35) What factors determine the effectiveness of Automation testing?
Having a talented staff that includes professionals along with the newest and smartest graduates or freshers can help us determine the successful completion of testing. We can measure the effectiveness of automation testing in relation to risk and then differentiate risks from high to low priority and start the automation of high-priority risk, Risk with high priority can be automated first also we can track the high-priority risk that has been mitigated by the automated tests.
36) Which test cases can be automated?
A test case should be automated if:
The task is going to be repeated.
37) Do you know the advantages and disadvantages of Automated testing?
Automation testing is a process of automating the manual testing process with a set of tools. This process is done by replacing the manual testing process with the collection of automated testing tools. Automation testing ensures the quality of software applications.
Automation Testing has the following advantages:
Automation Testing has the following disadvantages:
38) What is an Automated test script?
Test Scripts are line-by-line descriptions that contain information about the system transactions that should be performed to validate the application or system under test. The test script is a combination of different test steps that should be followed to test the functionality.
How to write a test script?
1. Record/playback:
In this method, the tester needs to write code instead of just recording the user’s actions. However, if we find some issue then the tester will need to do some coding to fix that and check it works as per expectation.
2. Keyword/data-driven scripting:
In this method, there is a dissociation between the testing team and the development team. In the Data-driven scripting technique, we keep data in different repositories.
Example of a Test script:
Log in Script
39) What is an XPath?
In this method, there is a dissociation between the testing team and the development team. In the Data-driven scripting technique, we keep data in different repositories.
X-path: X-path is used to identify a locator in a webpage, firstly we tried to find the element using id, by CSS selector, etc, if the element is not found using this we used x-path to find an element on a webpage.
The basic format of x-path:
Syntax: //tagname[@Attribute=’value’]
Type Of X-Path:
1. Absolute X-path
2. Relative X-path
1. Absolute X-path: It’s the direct way to find the element, but the disadvantage of the absolute XPath is that if there are any changes made in the path of the element then that XPath gets failed.
Example:
//body[1]/div[1]/div[1]/div[1]/div[1]/main[1]/div[1]/article[1]/div[1]/div[1]/div[2]/div[1]/div[1]/h4[1]/b[1]
2. Relative X-path: It starts with a double forward slash (//). we can search elements anywhere on the webpage, using relative XPath.
Example:
40) Do you know, what is the difference between “/” and “//”?
Single slash and double slash are always used in a path expression, by using this symbol we usually find elements or attributes in an XML tree. A path manifestation consists of one or more steps that direct the XPath processor along one or more subdivides of the tree to the nodes that will be selected.
Usually, single slash and double slash are generally used to create XPath by which we can find any element/locator on a webpage. single slash is used in absolute XPath which selects an element from the root node.
Double slash is used to find out relative XPath which finds an element from anywhere on the webpage.
41) Explain Tree View in Automation Testing?
A tree view in Quick Test Pro has statements in” keywords “or we can say statements in a “tree structure”. In a tree view, the statements are in a tree structure. Here, the statements are nothing but steps that were taken to test some features or modules of an application to determine it works as per user requirements.
42) What Features will you look out for in an Automation Tool?
43) Name the different Scripting Techniques for Automation Testing?
Automation scripting technique defines different parameters like how to treat the object repository, the coding standards followed during automation, and data handling, among different modules, the automation scripting we should follow for test automation are:
1] Linear Scripting Technique:
This technique is the simplest of all the scripting techniques which follow a simple ‘Record n Playback’ approach, where each test case is executed manually step by step so, we have the QA team record every step which is executed.
Pros
Cons
2] Structured Scripting Technique
The structured scripting technique involves the use of control structures( like if-else, switch case, for, while conditions) in the scripts that help QA teams to regulate the flow of the test scripts.
Pros
Cons
3] Data-Driven Scripting Technique
The Data-driven scripting technique is all about separating data and script in different places. this method keeps data into an external repository as files.
Pros
Cons
4] Shared Scripting Technique
In shared scripting system of working is different from the other scripting techniques it involves sharing scripts that describe an application Deportment. we can use this script if we have common functionality.
Pros
Cons
44) Can automation testing completely replace manual testing?
Automation testing has received much response as compared to manual testing nowadays. In today’s world, many developers and testers prefer automation testing to make their life easier. One of the primary reasons automated testing becomes popular nowadays is the ability to save time, However, test automation does not have the ability to fully replace manual testing, the reason behind this is the following:
Usability Testing is one of the major challenges in automation testing, usability tests are just not possible with automation testing because usability testing requires a human to check the ease of use while using the application. we can’t train a computer to identify usability respective to humans. also, we cannot automate captcha in automation if we are going to think to skip captcha we cannot proceed further we need humans to proceed further. These are some limitations in automation testing.
The presence of automation testing and manual testing forces us to think about our choice, of tools, number of resources, their cost, and the benefit provided by different tools. Is automated testing replacing manual testing the answer is no, Manual testing helps us understand the entire problem and explore new things. Automated testing helps us save time.
45) What is your strategy for automating web application testing?
6-step that should be considered every time when we are automating a web application are:
1. Functional testing: The first step which we should consider while automating web application is functional testing, functional testing ensure that the functionality of the web application is working properly and it returns the expected output.
Typically, functional testing includes:
2. Usability Testing: Usability testing refers to the ease of use, usability is a way to see how easy to use something in terms of user perspective. Usability testing determines how easily a user can access the application and work on it, it’s being observed by a researcher, to see where user encounters problems and experience confusion, if more user encounters the same issue, recommendations will be made to overcome it this issue.
3. Interface Testing: Interface Testing is defined as a software testing type that ensures there is proper infusion between two different software systems or applications. A connection that integrates two components is known as an interface. Interface in the computer world could be anything like API or it can be a web service. Testing of these connecting services is referred to as Interface Testing. An interface is software that consists of sets of commands or it can be other attributes that enable infusion between a user and an application or device.
4. Compatibility Testing: Compatibility testing ensures that our software application is compatible with different browsers and in different devices and applications working fine on different platforms .there are different elements for compatibility testing:
5. Performance Testing: After ensuring that our applications are working as expected on different platforms, it’s time to check the performance of web applications. In performance testing, we test our web application under heavy load and stress and check how our application reacts to heavy load and determine the breaking point of our application.
6. Security Testing: Security testing makes sure that our application is secure against unauthorized access and harmful actions through viruses or other malicious software.
Security testing has the following activities:
46) What is your strategy for automating web application testing?
The methodologies allow quick detection of bugs when they are introduced in the system and result in feedback for development.
47) What are some good coding principles to keep in mind when automating?
Do not rely ONLY on UI test automation try to test load, performance, and usability testing of the application.
48) What do you do now that you’ve found your automation test tool?
After identifying the automation testing tool the next step should be resource and test planning, after that, we can look for what reporting tool we can use in our automation. A better test planning results in the early execution of the test which will result in a high-quality product.
49) What is the main reason for testers to refrain from automation? How can they overcome it?
The main reason for testers to refrain from automation is to learn programming/coding when they want to automate software applications, as we all know that testers have less knowledge of programming/coding, so this will become challenging for the tester.
We can overcome it by:
50) Name important modules of the automation testing framework
51) What is Captcha?
This is a process where the user has to be asked to perform a certain operation such as enter the text written in the image or click the same image from a set of different images that match the required criteria, or click on the checkbox.
Captcha is usually used to check whether the user is a human or a robot. since this task is dynamic, and it can only be completed by humans only with human cognizance and correct interpretation of information areas where the artificial intelligence of bots tends to fail.
52) Can we automate CAPTCHA or RECAPTCHA?
CAPTCHA can be automated if you are able to decode the image using OCR, OCR stands for Optical Character Recognition. This will be the only solution to bypass CAPTCHA but it will not automate it. Users will always have to enter the CAPTCHA themselves while we can automate another text field.
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Gaurang Solanki works as a Automation Tester at QACraft. He has done B.Tech in Computer Science & Engineering and has 1.5+ years of experience in Software Testing. In his free time, he loves to explore more to upgrade his technical and testing skills.
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